Dilek Peninsula and Greater Menderes Delta National Park
Address: Located in western Turkey, within the territories of the Kusadasi and Aydin districts.
Established in 1966. Area – 16,690 hectares.
Unique flora and fauna representatives – mountain landscapes and coastlines.
A protected area with the status of a national park, located in western Turkey, in the Kusadasi district of Aydin. On May 19, 1966, the Dilek Peninsula area of 10,985 hectares was granted the status, and in 1994, the Greater Menderes Delta area of 16,690 hectares was added to the park.
The national park has an exceptional diversity of flora and fauna. The park territory is protected under the Ramsar Convention, the Bern Convention on the Conservation of Wildlife and Natural Habitats, the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Barcelona Convention.
Flora
Due to the differences in temperature and climate in different parts of the park, not only typical Aegean flora is represented here, but also species found in other coastal regions of Turkey - the Mediterranean, the Sea of Marmara, and the Black Sea. Of the more than eight hundred plant species found in the park, six are endemic, not found outside its boundaries, and another thirty are native species. The predominant type of vegetation is maquis, mostly represented by red-fruited juniper (Juniperus phoenicea). Common tree and shrub species include the oleaster pear (Pyrus elaeagnifolia), the Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia) and the poison sumac (Rhus coriaria).
Fauna
Wild boar (Sus scrofa) inhabiting the park can be seen near the beaches, where they feed on the waste left by visitors. The forests of the peninsula are home to the common jackal (Canis aureus) and the common lynx (Lynx lynx), which are typical for the region, as well as the striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) and caracal (Caracal caracal), which are rare in such areas.
The most numerous of the approximately 250 species of birds that nest in the park are the Pygmy Cormorant (Microcarbo pygmeus), Little Egret (Egretta garzetta), Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni), Kentish Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus), White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) and Dalmatian Pelican (Pelecanus crispus). The marine fauna is represented by species typical of the Aegean Sea.